There are “printf” statements all over the BuddyPress default theme. What do they mean?
Today, I decided to invest an hour into finding the answer to that question. Here is my answer.
In short, “printf” is php code used to help make themes display words and phrases from other languages. For a long answer and how-to, read this.
Here’s an example, in the BuddyPress default theme’s footer.php file, you will find the following line of code:
printf( __( '%s is proudly powered by WordPress and BuddyPress', 'buddypress' ), bloginfo('name') );
If you look at line #2963 in “buddypress –> bp-languages –> buddypress.pot”, you will see the same code as above.
Basically, these printf statements give us a central location to change certain “special” words and phrases across a BuddyPress website. For example, you might want to change all instances of “Login” to a different word (or language). You might want to change “Groups” to “Communities”, as the Custom Groups Name plugin does.
I am a beginner at this printf stuff, and that is as simple an answer as I can give right now. All you .pot and .mo gurus out there, please let me know if I misspoke at all. 🙂
Thanks!
Actually, “printf” itself doesn’t do any language stuff. It’s just a PHP function that prints things on the screen, just like the “echo” function. Many programming languages have a “printf” function to output text.
The function that allows for language translation is the one that goes inside the printf. Yes, that’s a function, the __() function. What it does is translate whatever text you put inside and feed it to the printf.
The code you posted could also be written as:
_e(‘my text’, ‘file);
which translates and then prints ‘my text’.
Here you can learn more about how internationalization works in WordPress/BuddyPress: http://codex.wordpress.org/I18n_for_WordPress_Developers
About the .pot and .mo stuff, it’s not that hard; using a program like PoEdit to makes it really easy to work with language files.
Thanks for the clarification, Julio!
We primarily use the printf and sprintf functions to provide variables within the core BuddyPress phrases that we can later fill with dynamic data.
Stuff like user names and page numbers are great examples. The string may be something like:
%s and %s are now friends…and what we’ll do is figure out which two user names just became friends, and put a user name where each %s is.
%s means string
%d means integer
Then, when a pomo needs to localize that string, it can turn it into:
%s y %s son amigos…and not need to all sorts of text replacement surgery to do it.
Hope that helps! 😀
Jes, but it faled to translate “Name” on my site…everything else is translated but when looking at his profile my user see plain old english “Name” in stead of correctly compiled translation from mo file….how to fix that?